E-Accounting Problems & Propects

E-Accounting: Problems and Prospects

Shraddha Verma Assistant Professor G.C.R.G Memorial Trust Group of Institutions Lucknow

Abstract

E-Accounting refers to Electronic Accounting, a term used to describe an accounting system that relies on computer technology for capturing and processing financial data in organizations. The manual accounting systems consisted of paper ledgers, typewriters and calculators. Typewriters were used to type invoices and cheques, and all calculations were performed using calculators. Now E-Accounting or Online Accounting is new development in field of accounting which can save the cost associated in accounting, it minimizes the paper work, Thus, source documents and accounting records exist in digital form instead of on paper in an electronic accounting system. with the help of various management applications like ERP,CRM ,project management e-accounting can be done. In E-Accounting the accountant and employer both feel satisfaction because , this is cheap and without software defaults or failure . Your accounts saves in online server or database , so there is no need to record manually, it does not require any software installation. A survey will be conducted among accounting agencies in order to provide evidence for the hypotheses. E-accounting problems & prospects research paper able to find out some of the basic problems, and prospects in e-accounting in the field of accounting and the research is exploratory in nature. This paper is based on a limited initial review of the literature and provides a brief summary of the theoretical part of the study. It should be regarded as a research proposal of an ongoing research project and as such it may develop and change in the process.

keywords: E-Accounting,Accounts payable, Book-keeping, accouts receiveables.

Introduction

E-Accounting is new development in field of accounting. It means all your transactions will record in online server or data base. E-accounting involves performing regular accounting functions, accounting research and the accounting training and education through various computer based /internet based accounting tools such as: digital tool kits, various internet resources, international web-based materials, institute and company databases which are internet based, web links, internet based accounting software and electronic financial spreadsheet tools to provide efficient decision making. The terms E-Accounting and financial information system are used to refer to any accounting system that depends on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for performing its information system functions. An E-accounting system could be thought of as an inter-organisational system because of its capability to electronically integrate a set of firms. In many operational applications the accounting entries can be generated as a by-product of the underlying transactions. A computerized accounting system is able to handle financial data efficiently, but the true value of an accounting system was that it was able to generate immediate reports regarding the company.

E-accounting involves performing regular accounting functions, accounting research and the accounting training and education through various computer based /internet based accounting tools such as digital tool kits, various internet resources, international web-based materials, institute and company databases which are internet based, web links, internet based accounting software and electronic financial spreadsheet tools to provide efficient decision making. Online accounting through a web application is typically based on a simple monthly charge and zero-administration approach to help businesses concentrate on core activities and avoid the hidden costs associated with traditional accounting software such as installation, upgrades, exchanging data files, backup and disaster recovery. E-accounting does not have a standard definition but merely refers to the changes in accounting due to computing and networking technologies Uses Accounts payable- is a file or account sub-ledger that records amounts that a person or company owes to suppliers, but has not paid yet (a form of debt), sometimes referred as trade payables. When an invoice is received, it is added to the file, and then removed when it is paid. Thus, the A/P is a form of credit that suppliers offer to their customers by allowing them to pay for a product or service after it has already been received. Accounts receivable- also known as Debtors, is money owed to a business by its clients (customers) and shown on its Balance Sheet as an asset. It is one of a series of accounting transactions dealing with the billing of a customer for goods and services that the customer has ordered. Bookkeeping- On a company’s balance sheet, accounts receivable is the money owed to that company by entities outside of the company. The receivables owed by the company’s customers are called trade receivables. Account receivables are classified as current assets assuming that they are due within one year. To record a journal entry for a sale on account, one must debit a receivable and credit a revenue account. When the customer pays off their accounts, one debits cash and credits the receivable in the journal entry. The ending balance on the trial balance sheet for accounts receivable is usually a debit. Business organizations which have become too large to perform such tasks by hand (or small ones that could but prefer not to do them by hand) will generally use accounting software on a computer to perform this task. Online Bookkeeping Process Understanding The Need V Pilot Project V Client Satisfaction V Agreements V Necessary Training V Actual Outsourcing V Implementation V Quality Check V Final Output

PRONTO-Xi Financials is a complete financial management software tool that allows you to automate many of your financial processes, establish greater security around those processes, manage cash flow better and gain enhanced insights into your operations. The functionality can be scaled up or down to suit your individual business needs making it suitable for businesses of any size. Integrate your financial management tasks to drive efficiency throughout your operations Focus on the data output rather than collecting the data in the first place Make better business decisions with accurate data captured and delivered to you in a timely fashion via robust business processes Complete set of financial tools including General Ledger, Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Fixed Assets and Payroll

key functionality & benefits

Period End close – produce accurate quarterly and annual financial statements for individual business units or your entire business that comply with regulatory, organisational and stakeholder requirements. Corporate Risk and Governance Compliance – develop structures and business processes to comply with organisational and recognised compliance standards. Integrate your financial supply chain – strengthen every aspect of your financial supply chain with integrated, robust processes, including establishing electronic purchase request and authorisation limits. Streamline payments and invoices – improve your Accounts Payable and Accounts Receivable management and drive payment efficiencies. Multi-company consolidations – consolidate any number of companies quickly and easily. Cash flow management – track, identify and manage your cash flow, liquidity and your exposed financial risk quickly and easily via integrated, automated processes. Monitor financial performance – report on key financial metrics and develop an accurate understanding of your true financial position at any point in time.

Company’s all accounting project can easily outsourced by E-Accounting system:

A.P.O. A.P.O means accounting process outsourced APO is the new and developed form of BPO according to research report APO is growing very fast. This industry has jumped 60% annual growing rate. This industry has reached up to 60 cr. Of Rs.

Pay pal Payment system is popularizing in Online Accounting Some of Indian professional accountant gives the accounting services to USA customers under A.P.O. Now they can easily get their service amount from paypal way . Paypal gives you the facility of withdrawing your service fee with following ways:

a) If you want to deposit your service amount in your bank account in India for more than RS. 7000 you can easily transfer without any cost of transferring , if upto RS. 6999.99 you want to transfer in your account you will charge Rs. 50 b) You can get the cheque by giving request in the website under your paypal account c) You can also withdraw funds to your card also.

Willis and ACE Achieve e-Accounting First in London Insurance Market The London-based operations of ACE, a leading insurance company, and Willis Limited, the UK insurance broker, announced the successful launch of a full electronic accounting process between the two companies -a London Market Group (LMG) Non Bureau project first. E-Accounting is a data-based process for facilitating financial agreement and subsequent settlement of premiums and claims with insurance carriers, and replaces paper in the accounting and settlement process. E-Accounting substantially improves the quality, integrity and certainty of process, allowing Willis and carriers to synchronise their operations and improve client service. Implementation benefits include: prompt advice of premium and claims due, enabling simpler reconciliation improved settlement cycle resulting in speedier premium and claim settlement the secure exchange of critical closing and settlement information reduction in queries and early query resolution Graham Card, Executive Director and Business Lead for Willis’ e-Accounting roll-out, said: -London Market modernisation has long advocated the elimination of paper from the process and the introduction of electronic accounting. This is a major reform that will show benefits for both parties in the future.- -ACE are continually looking at ways to improve service to clients, making payment of premium easier and payment of claims faster. e-Accounting and closer collaboration with our clients will enable ACE to achieve this. -This project with Willis has been a great success with a real sense of partnership, and ACE is looking forward to working with Willis to expand the use of e-Accounting capabilities further with our clients and the wider market through the LMG sponsored Non Bureau project.- Willis and XL Implement e-Accounting London, UK, September 26, 2011 -The London-based operations of XL Group plc, a leading global insurer, and Willis Limited, the principal UK broking company of global insurance broker Willis Group Holdings plc (NYSE:WSH), announced the successful launch of a full electronic accounting process between the two companies. Through better synchronisation between brokers and carriers, the online system markedly improves client service by enhancing the quality, transparency and integrity of the accounting and settlement process. Willis Group Holdings plc (NYSE:WSH), announced the successful launch of a full electronic accounting process between the two companies. Through better synchronisation between brokers and carriers, the online system markedly improves client service by enhancing the quality, transparency and integrity of the accounting and settlement process.

However, with the introduction of PC-based Accounting Systems, both the computer hardware and the accounting software have become cheaper, creating an opportunity for organisation to adopt e-accounting. Nevertheless, there are several factors that determine whether an organization adopts e-accounting or not. Studying the factors that influence computer adoption, internet adoption and accounting software adoption

Relationships between company size and Internet Adoption

Company size Internet (No of employees) connected 50-99 41 % 10-49 30 % 1-9 16 % Objective

The objective of this research is first to describe the present state of the art of e-accounting in organisation bookkeeping agencies in U.P region(mainly lucknow) as well as identify managers’ intentions towards adoption of e-accounting ;what are the problems they are facing with the adoption of E-Accounting and the future prospects of E-Accounting system second to empirically study factors that influence the adoption of e-accounting, and third to study the problems that e-accounting may have in general and more specifically on the accounting procedures and practice in small and organisations bookkeeping agencies that have adopted an e-accounting system.

Research Methodology

The data for this research was collected by means of a questionnaire. Questions are both open ended and closed ended. The study was, for practical reasons, the research is done in the UP region (mainly lucknow) . Besides, demographic data including gender, age, position in organization, accounting background, professional qualification, experience in current system, level of understanding and knowledge related to the system, were measured by different scales. Finally a data of total of 90 persons were collected generating a positive response rate of approximately 35%. I have identified 12 questions that most effectively measure the no. of persons acquiring e-accounting in their organisation:

Q1. What kind of firm do you have?

Q2. How many no. of accounting staff do you have?

Q3. Does your firm use computers in operations?

Q4. Does your firm make use of accounting software in operations?

Q5. What kind of accounting software’s are used?

Q6. What are the aim of implementing E-Accounting?

Q7. What problems are faced by the firm while implementing E-Accounting?

Q8. What ways do you suggest for improving the system for easily access to E-Accounting?

On the basis of the data collected from both medium & small firms we found that only 35% of the firm out of hundred is successful in implementing E-Accounting. The firms like ACE & Willis a leading insurance company, and Willis Limited, the UK insurance broker, announced the successful launch of a full electronic accounting process and for the positive respondents the goal of implementing e-accounting are timely information management, large storage capacity, reduction of clerical work, cost effectiveness. Whereas for the left percentage 38.8% face problems like lack of constant supply of electricity, frequent breakdown of the system, inability to import/export data, inability of the system to support large volume of data or all of the former problems in implementing E-Accounting.

Findings and Suggestions

To further investigate the actual benefits of e-accounting, empirical studies of some ten small and medium-sized accounting agencies will be undertaken. These companies will be selected among the adopters group and chosen with the help of reference lists from software application providers and from information gathered in previous studies. The main data collection method will be face-to-face, structured interviews with managers of these organisations or, when necessary, telephone interviews. All interviews are planned to be tape recorded. The firms are facing problems in — Data security – All your data resides on a remote server: however, a back up can be taken regularly. Speed – Most of the currently available online office suites require a high broadband Internet connection. Lack some features available on the offline office suites: but this is progressively becoming available (MS LIVE, Google online-Suite, Think free, Zoho Office, Internet Office .Biz and e-Desk Online) A network connection (usually Internet access) is required to send and receive changes. That is, internet dependence makes it more difficult to work offline and also most of the firms don’t want to invest in purchasing accounting software. The results also indicate that interpersonal communication channels, such as training sessions and consulting, are considered as the most useful ways to achieve knowledge of new e-accounting innovations. Internet is also considered as a useful means of providing information. The use of accounting software makes the task easier and also saves the valuable time.

Conclusion

The study provides strong evidence that the use of E-Accounting has contributed to the effectiveness of tasks as expected. The study shows that the use of E-Accounting may improve the effectiveness of accounting and reporting tasks, budgeting, controlling and auditing which may reflect on the organizational effectiveness as well. An improved quality in the system may provide better support for the tasks performed by the system. This study finds that the most significant impacts of E-Accounting are on accounting and reporting and budgeting task performance respectively.Future studies could place more focus on the inter-organizational factors affecting the adoption rate. Moreover, future research could focus on the attitudes and resources of the business partners of accounting agencies. The contribution of this study will be twofold. First, the contribution of this study lies in the empirical analysis of the determinants of e-accounting adoption. The results of the study may give some evidence on the managers’ intentions of small and medium-sized accounting agencies towards e-accounting and thus predict future use of e-accounting systems. Second, this study aims at providing some understandings of the actual benefits of the use of e-accounting systems.

References

OECD, 1998. SMEs and Electronic Commerce. Working Party on SMEs to the OECD Ministerial Conference on Electronic Commerce. October 1998, Ottawa. http://www.oecd.org/dsti/sti/it/ec/prod/sme18e.pdf (October 7, 1999).

Amidu, M. and Abor, J. (2005), Accounting Information and Management of SMEs in Ghana, The African Journal of Finance and Management, 14(1), pp. 15 – 23.

Doost, R. K, (1999), Computers and Accounting: Where Do We go from Here? Managerial Auditing Journal, 14(9), pp. 487 – 488.

Accounting Act (AA, Kirjanpitolaki ) 1336/30.12.1997

Hall, J. (2007). Accounting information systems. Quebec, Canada: Thomson Higher Education.

http://www.experiment-resources.com/empirical-research.html#ixzz1d0dAXLDg

www.acegroup.com/uk

http://www.experiment-resources.com/research-paper-outline.html#ixzz1cjx5E1mq

Howard Hughes And Donald Trump Made Fortunes In This Investment And You Can Too!

Howard Hughes was, and Donald J. Trump still is, one of the richest men in the world, and they have one thing in common:

They bought land, in the right location and made fortunes from it!

You dont need to be Rich to Get Started!

If you have never considered investing in land, you should do. Its affordable and there are many specialist companies catering for inexperienced investors who have never invested before.

Theres no better low risk way to build long-term capital gains – as Donald Trump once said:

“I just love real estate. It’s tangible, it’s solid, and it’s beautiful.”

Howard Hughes was another who firmly believed in land investing as one of his high return investments, buying huge swathes of under developed land in California that came to be worth billions.

Where is the Best Place to Buy Land?

UK land offers an outstanding low risk, high return investment opportunity over the medium term. UK land has out performed most asset managers and asset classes – including investment trusts, unit trusts, equities and bonds.

Solid Long Term Gains

The facts speak for themselves:

Overall prices of farmland have increased by up to 30% in the last 12 months and 130% since the early 1990s with an average 920% growth in the last 20 years.

If you compounded a $50,000 investment, at last years average growth you would get a return of over $1.25 million dollars in just 12 years!

Of course, theres no guarantee, but with the growth rates weve seen over the last 20 years such gains are possible.

The future supply and demand situation points to higher growth in UK land values for many years to come heres why:

Population Growth – The UK is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe and its population is growing fast.

Immigration – In terms of immigration, 170,000 people are entering the UK every year. This figure represents over 60% of the annual population growth. At current rates of growth, the UK can expect to see at least 3.4 million more inhabitants within the next 20 years.

Social Trends – There is a rising divorce rate in the UK, and a declining marriage rate. This means there is a need for more homes as the family unit declines.

The UK government are already taking action to address the chronic shortage of housing, and are making house building a priority.

The Land Banking Opportunity

Land banking involves the acquisition of land, which does not enjoy planning consent, in advance of expanding urbanization.

The price of an open space plot, not immediately subject to urban development pressures can be bought cheaply. When urban expansion occurs the land rises in value as planning consent is granted.

This then allows investors to sell at a significant profit.

Get started with Just $10,000

Today, there are many companies advising international investors on how to profit from UK land.

They look at the best locations and give all the facts, so an investor can make an informed decision on whether to invest. A typical minimum investment normally starts at just $10,000.

High Return Investments and Low Risk

High return investments with low risk dont come around very often, but we feel land is such an opportunity.

If you are considering high return investments, then land is ideal for the longer-term investor seeking significant capital growth potential.

Bhopal Attractive Investment Destination In India

Bhopal, located in central India, is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Also known as the Lake City of India, Bhopal has beautiful landscape that is dotted with many natural lakes.
Bhopal is divided into 6 major areas and around 75 suburbs. The major areas in Bhopal include New City and Old City. The economy of Bhopal is essentially divided into modern and traditional industries.
The prominent industries in the old city are those of cotton, electrical goods, jewelry and chemical. Some other industries are involved in cloth weaving, making sports equipment, sealing wax and making matches. The Old City also has many garages that specialize in automobile conversion and are popular for producing modified and tuned motorbikes, SUVs and cars.
On the other hand, being the state capital, it is of a more industrial nature and accommodates many reputed insurance companies, banks and other financial organizations.
M P Nagar is Bhopal’s most prominent commercial area and accommodates many reputed business houses.
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), which is the largest manufacturing and engineering enterprise in India, has its unit in Bhopal. The industrial suburb of Bhopal is Mandideep, which accommodates many plants belonging to some of the esteemed companies including Eicher, Crompton Greaves, Procter & Gamble, Larsen & Turbo, Fujitsu and HEG.
The Madhya Pradesh State Electronics Development Corporation Ltd. is planning to develop an efficient Software & Hardware Technology Park in Bhopal. Multinational companies (MNCs) such as Taurus Microsystems, Fujitsu and Genpact are supposed to set up their centers in this Technology Park.
Some factors that make Bhopal an attractive prospect for investors are:
Strategic Geographic Location
Abundant and skilled man-power base
Availability of cheap labor
Availability of land at an affordable price
Peaceful political scenario and hence, peaceful law and order situation
Has a vibrant industrial base
Availability of rich and fertile land and natural resources
Apart from these, Bhopal has a well-developed industrial infrastructure that facilitates excellent interstate connectivity.
Roads in Bhopal have improved significantly in the past few years and are considered the best in the entire state. Bhopal also has National Highway 12 (NH12) passing through it and it connects it to the cities in to the east (Jabalpur) and west (Jaipur).
Bhopal, being a railway junction, has a well-developed rail network that connects it to other major Indian cities.
Bhopal also has a domestic airport called The Raja Bhoj Airport that’s located in proximity to the satellite suburb of Bairagarh. This airport has regular flights to and from major Indian cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Indore, Ahmedabad, Raipur and Hyderabad. There are plans to turn this domestic airport into an international airport. Starting in 2010, this airport may have international flights operating to the Middle East.
Real Estate market in Bhopal
It would indeed be a wise option to invest in Bhopal real estate properties now when land prices are still low. Bhopal is developing rapidly. With many IT companies planning to set up their bases in Bhopal and other developmental measures on the cards, real estate prices in Bhopal are certain to increase. There are already many efficient and well-designed residential properties and commercial buildings and Special Economic Zones (SEZs) coming up in Bhopal.
Thus, this is the ideal time for investors to invest in Bhopal real estate properties, as they can reap huge benefits later. Investors can literally watch their money (property value) grow as the state government is investing an increasing amount of money to improve the city’s infrastructure, thereby increasing its value.

Elss Secret Of Tax Saving With Mutual Fund Investments.

As the name suggests ELSS (equity linked savings scheme), invests primarily in equity shares of companies. As per financial regulations, the scheme Fund manager has to invest 80% of the total amount in the equity shares and the remaining 20% per cent can be invested in other instruments like bonds, debentures, government securities and others. When you invest in ELSS your money is locked for a period of three years (minimum). Once you invest in tax saver funds you cannot withdraw the amount for three years, this acts as a blessing in disguise as tax saving funds generally yield high returns during a 3year period. The common man is basically afraid of investing his money in equity shares as he is afraid of loosing money. But a look at the recent past shows that investors who have invested in tax saver funds have never lost out on their money, rather tax saver funds have been the front runners in terms of returns to investors. A small illustration will clarify comprehensions.

If you make an investment of Rs 1,00,000/ ( 1 lac), then under section 80c this complete amount is deducted from your gross income for that particular year. If your annual income puts you in the highest tax paying zone, i.e -34%, then the investment of Rs 1,00,000/ will ensure that you get an annual tax deduction of Rs, 34,000/. So logically speaking you invest Rs 66,000/ considering the deduction. Assuming that the Mutual Fund declares an annual dividend of 10% then your total return on Rs 66,000 is [(10,000/66000)* 100] = 15.15%. This particular dividend earned is also tax-free, hence more profit. Another profitable venture out of this investment is that after a period of 3 years the capital gain that you obtain out of the investment is also tax-free. This is what makes ELSS the most attractive investment for those who have the appetite for moderate risk. However, prior to making an investment selecting a good fund house based on its reputation and track record is important. Elss are considered to be the best tax saving mutual funds in India.

ELSS is a good option to save tax and generate long term capital gains. These gains are obtained from the equity market only if you are investing in a long time horizon. Adding money in a disciplined manner creates a good corpus. The basic confusion that the average investor could have is that they consider Equity Mutual Funds and ELSS to be the same, which in true sense isnt correct. Normal equity funds could be purchased today and disposed off tomorrow. Incase of ELSS there is a compulsory 3 year lock in period. As per the rules related to long-term capital gains, profit from equity MFs after one year becomes tax-free. As per latest sources the top 5 ELSS schemes are 1) Principal Personal Tax-saver, 2) DSP ML Tax Saver Fund, 3) Taurus Libra Taxshield, 4) Lotus India Tax Plan, 5) Franklin India Tax Shield ( FIT). Going by the current volatile market trends and with the current fiscal year approaching an end, investing in a good ELSS fund is a clever option to save taxes.

Hyderabad Real Estate Investment

Introduction:

The state Hyderabad is one of the most important states in India level. It is famous for their in the very ancient time. Although it is not only famous for their historic reason, but also their impressive real estate. In Hyderabad there is a world class international airport, the investment symbol of real estate make promises for their growth and development. In the real sense it is known for the city of braves.

Historic Reasons:

Hyderabad is world famous in their ancient time. It is famous for many Monuments such asCharminar, Golcunda Fort, Temples, Church, Bazars and etc.The Great Ashoka was the ruler of Hyderabad in the third century.
The city of Hyderabad is built by Muhammad Quli Qutub on the river of Musi in the south Golconda in 1589. So Hyderabad is the symbol of status and prosperity in the very old times.

Hyderabad Real Estate:

The Hyderabad real estate is attractive, was attractive and will be attractive in future the reason are given below:

The Hyderabad property is the great contribution between Golden Gate property and Deutche and Maytas property JM financial management. Being the foundation, these bankers give strong ness of Hyderabad real estate.
Like the other states real estates Hyderabad property is also structured by residential and commercial property. There is some best example of Hyderabad commercial and residential sights.

Industrializations:

The industrial plane of Hyderabad is the best symbol of its commercial property. The various type of industry which emerged in Hyderabad for there ancient time-are:

Singareni 1921
Nizam Sugar Factory–1937
Allwyn Metal Works-1942
Praja Tools–1943
Sirsilk1946

So we can say it is the center of industrializations from their past so why it ignore their future.

Conclusion:

To sum up, Hyderabad real estate is the center of attractiveness if we watch their property minutely. Weather we saw its past or future we always find its progress towards boom– there are some key points of Hyderabad property which is the glowing stars of Hyderabad real estate:

Buildings – Salarjung Museum, Birla planta , Lal Bahaddur Sastri Stadium
Tourist AttrectionsLaad Bazaar, Nehru Joological Park.
Higher educations centerJawahar lal Nehru technical university, Intrenational Institutes.
TransportsSouth center railways, International airport,Andhra Pradesh road transports and etc.
By these reasons, investors impressed towards these properties and want to invest there , which make increment of upward conditions of properties.

Boost Your Financial Services with Investment Management Training

You can easily make money by investment, but at the same time you can lose as well. A proper investment will help you guarantee a better future. But the first and foremost thing before getting indulged in an investment is to identify the risks and requirements that you may face in a particular investment. You should decide your goal that has to be aimed, and also the investment that is possible at your end to help the goal get achieved.

A certified financial planner or financial advisor is always available for the investors to have their doubts cleared if they have any issues regarding investments that they are set to make. You could also go for investment management training or investment training that could help you increase your knowledge and skills in the field of investment thus helping you avoid getting to a certified financial planner all the time rather you could do the task on your own. The investment management training can include various topics like finance, human resource and marketing. There are various investment fiduciary available that could provide you investment training. Most of the investment fiduciary do not carry fiduciary responsibilities. They are just like insurance agents or stock brokers. They may hold licenses, but as they are not investment fiduciary they are more interested in selling their investment products or insurances.

While choosing an investment fiduciary, the background of the fiduciary plays an important role. You should ask following questions to the advisor you are hiring:

1) Do they have licenses and certification?

2) What degree do they have?

3) What is the experience level that they carry?

Your investment fiduciary should have good academic background and should carry a good level of experience. An investment fiduciary should have high ethical standards and should be able to provide a sophisticated advice and services to it’s costumers.

However, you can become an investment manager for your own self through proper investment management training. With investment training you could be able to take better financial decisions more efficiently and effectively. Investment management training could help you in a number of ways:

Investment training helps you manage your time more effectively so that you can focus better on the more important factors.

It helps you delegate the workload depending upon the situation.

It helps you manage your resources such as financial goods or other equipment properly.

The investment manager who has done investment training is in charge of determining the total amount of short-term and long-term capital. This is done with proper planning of finance and investment. Investment fiduciary allows you to invest your money in assets and projects and make profit from it.

Investment training is concerned with the management of assets, valuation of firms, allocation of capital, etc. Besides this investment management training allows you to evaluate the financial performance, financial institutions, supply of funds to other companies, negotiate with bankers, behavior of stock price, interact with bankers, and keep track of quotations of stock market.

Emerging Market Investment Advice Tips

The emerging market describes a broad range of markets from second and third world countries. It encompasses economies such as China and Brazil, together with countries in Africa and Asia. Generally, the term emerging markets represents economies which are as yet not fully developed, and subsequently an investment in an emerging market can often be high risk but has the potential to yield great returns as their economies are still developing.

If you are considering investing in emerging markets, these advice tips are worth considering.
Do not put all your eggs in the one basket: No financial portfolio should be tied up with just one investment, and any investment in the emerging market should not comprise a dominant percentage of a portfolio.

Long term view: The emerging market has been likened to investing in America in the 1920s as over forty years an investor would have gained a substantial return on any investment. In that time he would have seen prices drop through the floor. This is similar to emerging market investment today, so be prepared to take a long term view to good returns.

Advice: Obtaining general advice on the emerging market is essential, especially if you are new to financial investment. Financial advisors, banks, and other institutions seem like good places to gain valuable advice on the surface. More often than not however, the investor who seeks guidance from these places often pays for advice they do not need, as many of the best decisions can and should be handled by the investor.

A few financial investment companies have realised this and take a hands off approach and only step in with general advice if needed. These are the companies to turn to when guidance is needed.
Commissions: It goes without saying that any financial investment company is going to charge commissions, and subsequently it makes sense to look for a company that charges low rates. Some offer 0% commission initially, and this is a good place to start.

Risk vs. Return: Any investment into the emerging market is high risk. The returns however, have the potential to be considerable and subsequently an emerging market investment becomes a viable option. It is possible to invest in a country or into a fund which in turn is managed by a fund manager.

The latter becomes a question of faith and trust in that manager to do the right thing with your money, so the decision to choose a financial investment company with a view to fund management should not be taken lightly.

Currently, China and Brazil are often seen as good choices for emerging market investment.

Ultimately it is important to realise that as an investor you need to be in control of the fund, even if it is supervised by a fund manager. Some financial companies give you that control, and it is worth spending sometime to find a financial investment company like this.

Hyip, Hyip Monitor, And E-currencies They Accept

Cheers!

Here Id like to talk about e-currencies that HYIPs accept.

The most popular e-currency is Liberty Reserve. It has become wide spread in the HYIP industry since it is non-reversible. So please be aware of programs that promise you to get your money back from HYIP! All of them are SCAMs! There is no way to return the money involved in a scam HYIP. Another advantage is that LR has low fees just 1% for transactions inside system. Liberty Reserve is well-known as a reliable and safe system. If your API is off, there is no way to hack your account, otherwise your money can be easily stolen by hackers. And that is why there are few HYIPs that implement instant withdrawal. To credit your account or to withdraw money from your Liberty Reserve account, you need to apply for exchanger since Liberty Reserve doesnt support direct withdrawals to bank account or credit card. Liberty Reserve is also popular among HYIP monitors thanks to its reliability and convenient interface. Any HYIP monitoring systems will prefer Liberty reserve as its stability is proven by the years of successful work.

Another popular e-currency among HYIP programs is Perfect Money. Same as Liberty Reserve, it is non-reversible. The fee for transfers inside system is 0.5%. The advantage of this system is that unlike Liberty Reserve it supports withdrawals to bank account. However this option costs $100 + 3%, so I dont think it is a big advantage. After the foundation of this system in 2007 no one considered it seriously because of the amateurish design. However over the time system has proven to be an excellent tool for HYIP investment. PM is also popular with HYIP monitor admins thanks to its low fees and easy-to-use interface.

These two e-currencies are used by a majority of HYIP programs and HYIP monitors. Moreover, most HYIPs use these systems as the only payment processors for HYIP investment. Sometimes HYIPs also accept such e-currencies as AlertPay, SolidTrusPay, StrictPay, GlobalDigitalPay and C-Gold. However, their HYIP investment share is very low.

I want to talk separately about HYIP programs that accept PayPal. PayPal is a reversible payment processor, so the HYIP admin takes great risk using this e-currency. In addition, PayPal regularly makes verifications of his users, that is why HYIP programs, that accept PayPal, are the most trustable and worthy for HYIP investment. Probably you will never see a HYIP monitor that uses PayPal as a payment tool, but it doesnt mean that HYIP monitor admins try to hide their personal information. HYIP monitoring is not connected with the risk of losing money, as it is just a tool to check whether a certain HYIP pays or not.

As a result of this article I want to point out, that most HYIPs prefer to use non-reversible e-currencies. It means that HYIP investor must understand the responsibility he is taking investing in a certain HYIP there is a chance to lose money. How to avoid it? Just do your research, visit various HYIP monitors to check the status of a HYIP you are going to invest in, check forums and blogs. The more HYIP monitoring systems you will visit, the more information you will have about each program, the more confident you will feel investing in a certain HYIP. HYIP investment will not be so risky if you have all necessary information about HYIPs!

Thank you for reading this article and good luck you in the area of HYIP INVESTMENT!

Bringing More New Customers To Your Restaurant

When I ask the following question to restaurateurs:

What’s their biggest challenge as a restaurateur?

This is the number one answer from a significant number of restaurateurs every month:

“To bring new customers to my restaurant.”

It looks like a logical answer, doesn’t? Who doesn’t want to have lots of new people walking through your door? However, if I continued to my manage my restaurant – and after learning a lot in the last years about marketing – my wish would probably be different. It would be something like:

“I want my existing clients to come back to my restaurant over and over.”

Does that mean I don’t want new customers? Of course I do, new customers are new opportunities to convert into repeated clients, but targeting your marketing efforts towards getting new clients shouldn’t make up the bulk of yourexpenses orefforts. So what do you need to do?

I will explain to you by presenting a hypotheticalexercise:

Let’s imagine that we have two restaurants with similar capacity.We will call them Restaurant A and Restaurant B.

For the sake of simplicity we assume the following parameters are common to both restaurants:

* The average price per meal is $25 * The profitmarginper meal is $10 * The marketing investment for both is $5,000

Now the differences are:

Restaurant A invests all the $5,000 in bringing in new customers. They invest the money in a very successfulcampaignand create direct mailing, discount coupons, etc.

When the $5,000 marketing dollars are over, they brought to their restaurant 1,000 new customers. Pretty good, eh? Five dollars per customers is an extremely small investment towards bringing in new clients.

Restaurant B does things differently. They spend the same amount of money ($5,000) but instead of expending the entire amount focusing on bringing new clients via advertising, they decide to invest all the money in their existing clients to bring them back over and over.

They will also give themincentives for their friends and family members so that they can also come in and try their restaurant.

Who do you think will do better? Let’s do some numbers.

Restaurant A invested $5,000 and brought 1,000 people who will give a profit of $10 each so they made a total of $10,000 profit or a 50% return of investment. Not bad.

Restaurant B focused instead on bringing back their existing customers via a formalized referral system. They gave 100 of their best clients four gift certificates: one for them to come back again and three others to give to their friends and family members so that they can try your restaurant for themselves. These giftcertificatesgive them 50% off of their entire meal.

Now, remember, an average meal only cost Restaurant B $15 since the other $10 is profit as we mentioned before. Even when you offer a 50% discount, it will only cost you $7.50 per meal.

Also, when you give somebody a gift certificate, chances are that they won’t come to your place alone. Most likely they will bring some company to enjoy their meals with. Let’s assume that for each $12.50 (50% of the price of the average meal) that you give away, you bring back two people. Now, your cost is $3.75 for each. Wow! It’s even better than the initial investment. But that’s not all, three things are also happening here:

If the people don’t use the gift certificates when they dine, you’re not losing any money, making this investment a sure thing (versus spending money on advertising that can’t guarantee you any results).

New visitors will come predisposed to like your place; after all, your restaurant has been recommended by a source that they trust more than any other restaurant review – their friends or family members who gave them your gift certificate in the first place.

If your restaurant offers great food and service, they’ll likely come back again since they felt that not only did they get a good deal because of the discount, but you can also give them a gift certificate for themselves plus three extra for their friends to try your place. This is called viral marketing since they are spreading the word about your place.

Do you see how this goes? You can invest a lot of money to bring new people to your place that may never come back, or you can spend less money to create a referral system that will bring people wanting to eat at your place, and with a solid predisposition to having a great time.

These techniques will, if you stick to your system, bring in new repeat clients and also will establish a referral system for you and your place.

In these times of economic crisis, every single marketing dollar that you spend needs to be leveraged to bring you the maximum amount of profit. Be wise and think strategically before spending your hard earned money.

Happy sailing

Emotions and How They Affect Investment Behavior

Normal human emotions may overtake the rational part of the brain, and cause investors to make poor investment decisions. Some behaviorists theorize that modern humans are not hard-wired to be good investors. What can investors do to neutralize the effects of emotion and make smarter investment decisions?

Recent times have been difficult for investors. Some have made the situation worse by buying and selling at the wrong times. For most people, the normal emotional response to rising markets is to feel confident and positive. This can lead to the desire to increase risk tolerance and purchase risky assets at potentially high prices. The opposite is true after big market declines. Our emotions may tell us to pull in and avoid risk when, perhaps, the opportunities for higher returns are greatest.

Because of this and other reasons, individual investors are notoriously bad market timers, as evidenced by mutual fund cash flows. For example, The Wall Street Journal recently reported that mutual fund research firm, Morningstar, determined that investors contributed more than $300 billion of new money to equity mutual funds during the six-year period from 2002 to 2007, much of it near market highs. When prices declined, investors redeemed more than $150 billion. According to the Hulbert Financial Digest, the total cost of this poor timing for stock fund investors was more than $42 billion for the 12 months ending May 31, 2009.

As a possible explanation of this behavior, we might consider the interesting work that is being done if the field of neuroscience, where researchers study the brain’s response to stimuli in an attempt to better understand human decision-making. Results are scientifically confirming what behavioral finance economists have suggested for some time: people are not hard-wired to be good investors because their emotions and other “normal” reactions can overtake their ability to reason rationally and make smart decisions under certain circumstances.

Brain scans show that there are two parts of the human brain operating in radically different ways. The prefrontal cortex is the rational, unemotional part of the brain that is used in long-term, logical thinking. The limbic system, on the other hand, is the brain’s short-term, emotional side that often causes trouble for investors. Under certain conditions, our emotional brains can take over and cause us to make poor, irrational decisions.

In a study published in 2005, researchers from Carnegie Mellon, the Stanford, and the University of Iowa, found that people with an impaired ability to experience emotions made better investment decisions in a simple investment game. The game involved a series of rounds in which players could choose whether or not to invest hypothetical money. Each round was structured to have a positive expected return on investment so that a rational player should choose to invest in every round, regardless of what happened in previous ones. Not surprisingly, the normal, unimpaired players were frequently affected by recent outcomes and were reluctant to invest after a series of losses. The players with impaired emotional function invested more regularly and performed better because they were less affected by fear and were more willing to take risk.